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Adverse Reactions of Calcium Chloride
Release Date:
2024-07-25
Intravenous injection may cause systemic fever; rapid intravenous injection can lead to nausea, vomiting, arrhythmia, and even cardiac arrest. Early symptoms of hypercalcemia may include constipation, drowsiness, persistent headache, loss of appetite, metallic taste in the mouth, and abnormal dry mouth. Late-stage signs include mental confusion, hypertension, photosensitivity of the eyes and skin, and nausea.
In biological and medical research, calcium chloride is widely used to prepare buffers required for biomedical experiments. For example, CaCl2 is added to prepare ND96 reserve solution for isolated oocytes when studying a novel activator targeting potassium ion channel complexes; CaCl2 is used in brain slice preparation experiments when studying the function of guanylyl cyclase C on midbrain dopamine neurons; and CaCl2 at a concentration of 1 mmol/L is used in tandem labeling experiments when studying fluoride riboswitches in bacteria and archaea that resist fluoride toxicity.
During the process of introducing target genes into recipient cells, calcium chloride can be used to increase the permeability of the recipient cell membrane, making it easier for plasmids to enter. This method was discovered by geneticist Stanley Norman Cohen at Stanford University in 1972 while studying Escherichia coli.
Intravenous injection of 10% calcium chloride solution can be used to treat hypocalcemia, and calcium chloride can also be used to treat magnesium toxicity. Electrocardiogram measurements have shown that injecting calcium chloride solution can counteract cardiac toxicity. In cases of hyperkalemia caused by elevated serum potassium levels, calcium chloride can protect the myocardium and prevent arrhythmia. As a common emergency drug in American hospital emergency rooms, calcium chloride can be used for rapid treatment of calcium channel blocker poisoning (a side effect caused by taking the heart disease prevention drug diltiazem) and poisoning caused by hydrofluoric acid, but it is not effective as an antidote for black widow spider bites. Calcium chloride and sodium bromide injection solution has been approved by the National Medical Products Administration of China for use as a water and electrolyte regulation drug.
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